Introduction — Setting the Stage

Data/Charts	Title
Figure 1	Number of degree-granting Title IV institutions in the United States by level: 1974-75 to 2015-16
Figure 2	Number of degree-granting Title IV institutions in the United States by control: 1974-75 to 2015-16
Figure 3	Total undergraduate fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions by institutional control: Fall 1975 to Fall 2017
Figure 4	Percentage distribution of undergraduate fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions by institution control and level: 1975 to 2015
Figure 5a	Percentage distribution of total undergraduate enrollment by institutional competitiveness index: 2015
Figure 5b	Distribution of institutions by institutional competitiveness index: 2015
Figure 6a	Percentage of K-12 students approved for free or reduced price lunches (1989 to 2016) and percentage of first-time full-time degree-seeking undergraduates with Pell or other Federal Grants (2001 to 2015)
Figure 6b	Percentage of K-12 students approved for free or reduced price lunch by state: 1990 and 2016
Figure 7a	Percentage of high school students who had the potential to be first-generation college by race/ethnicity: 1972 (National Longitudinal Study of High School Class of 1972) and 2004 (Educational Longitudinal Study: ELS:2002/2004)
Figure 7b	Percentage of children under 18 with the potential to be first-generation college by race/ethnicity: 2010 and 2015
Figure 7c	Percentage of adults age 25 to 64 with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 2005 and 2015
Figure 8a	Gini index based on market, before-tax, and after-tax income, 1979 to 2013
Figure 8b	Share of total wealth held by the wealthiest families: 1913 to 2012
Figure 8c(i)	Distributions of money income (2015) and wealth (2016) in the United States
Figure 8c(ii)	Distributions of money income (2015) and wealth (2016) in the United States
Figure 8d	Average household income, transfers, and taxes by before-tax income quintiles: 2013
Figure 8e	Median household income by state: 2015
Figure 8f	Gini index by state: 2015

Equity Indicator 1 — Who Enrolls in Postsecondary Education?

Data/Charts	Title
Equity Indicator 1a	Cohort College Participation Rates by family income quartile for recent school leavers: 1970 to 2016
Equity Indicator 1b	High School Graduates College Continuation Rates by family income quartile: 1970 to 2016
Equity Indicator 1c(i)	Cohort College Participation Rates of recent high school leavers by race/ethnicity: 1976 to 2016
Equity Indicator 1c(ii)	Cohort College Participation Rates of recent high school leavers by race/ethnicity and family income quartile: 2016
Equity Indicator 1d(i)	High School Graduates College Continuation Rates by race/ethnicity: 1976 to 2016
Equity Indicator 1d(ii)	High School Graduates College Continuation Rates by race/ethnicity and family income quartiles: 2016
Equity Indicator 1e	Percentage of young adults who reported enrolling in postsecondary education within 8 or 10 years of expected high school graduation by race/ethnicity: High School Longitudinal Studies (HS&B:1980/1992; NELS:1988/2000; ELS:2002/2012)
Equity Indicator 1f	Percentage of young adults who reported no postsecondary enrollment within 8 or 10 years of expected high school graduation by parents’ socioeconomic status (SES): High School Longitudinal Studies (HS&B:1980/1992; NELS:1988/2000; ELS:2002/2012)
Equity Indicator 1g	Percentage distribution of 2009 9th graders by enrollment status in the fall after scheduled high school graduation by parents’ socioeconomic status (SES): High School Longitudinal Study (HSLS:2009/2013)
Equity Indicator 1h	Percentages of 10th grade students who had completed high school and enrolled in postsecondary education within 8 years of their scheduled high school graduation by parents’ highest level of education (ELS:2002/2012)
Equity Indicator 1i(i)	Estimated college participation rates for students from low-income families by state: 2016
Equity Indicator 1i(ii)	Trends in estimated college participation rates for students from low-income families by state: 1989 to 2016
Equity Indicator 1j(i)	Percentage of 18- to 24- year olds enrolled in degree-granting postsecondary institutions by state: 2015
Equity Indicator 1j(ii)	Percentage of Hispanic and White 18- to 24- year olds enrolled in degree-granting postsecondary institutions by state: 2015
Equity Indicator 1j(iii)	Percentage of Black and White 18- to 24- year olds enrolled in degree-granting postsecondary institutions by state: 2015

Equity Indicator 2 — What Type of Postsecondary Educational Institution Do Students Attend?

Data/Chats	Title
Equity Indicator 2a	Percentage distribution of full-time, first-time degree-seeking undergraduate students who did and did not receive Pell or other Federal Grants by level of institution attended: 2001, 2005, 2010 and 2015
Equity Indicator 2b	Percentage distribution of full-time, first-time degree-seeking undergraduate students by control of institution attended by receipt of federal grant status: 2004 to 2015
Equity Indicator 2c	Percentage of full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students receiving Pell or other Federal Grants by institutional type and control: 2001 to 2015
Equity Indicator 2d	Percentage distribution of each selectivity category of institutional destinations by parents’ socioeconomic status (SES) for high school class cohorts: 1972, 1982, 1992, and 2004
Equity Indicator 2e	Average percentage of full-time, first-time degree/certificate seeking undergraduate students who were awarded Pell or other Federal Grants by institutional selectivity: 1999-2000 to 2014-2015
Equity Indicator 2f	Percentage distribution of high school graduates by institutional selectivity of enrollment in the fall after scheduled high school graduation by SES quintile: 2013 graduates

Equity Indicator 3 — Does Financial Aid Eliminate the Financial Barriers to Paying College Costs?

Data/Charts	Title
Equity Indicator 3a(i)	Average college costs (undergraduate tuition, fees, and room and board) charged for full-time students in degree-granting postsecondary institutions by institutional level and control: 1974-75 to 2016-17 (constant 2016-17 dollars)
Equity Indicator 3a(ii)	Average 4-year public college costs (undergraduate tuition, fees, and room and board) charged for full-time in–state students by state: 2016-2017
Equity Indicator 3a(iii)	Average 4-year private college costs (undergraduate tuition, fees, and room and board) charged for full-time students by state: 2016-17
Equity Indicator 3a(iv)	Average 2-year public college costs (undergraduate tuition and fees) charged for full-time in-state students by state: 2016-17
Equity Indicator 3b(i)	Average college costs for full-time undergraduate enrollment and maximum and average Pell Grant awards: 1974-75 to 2016-17 (constant 2016-17 dollars)
Equity Indicator 3b(ii)	Percent of average college costs covered by the maximum Pell Grant: 1974-75 to 2016-17 (constant 2016-17 dollars)
Equity Indicator 3b(iii)	Maximum Pell Grant if the Pell Grant maximum covered two-thirds of average cost of attendance: 1974-75 to 2016-17 (constant 2016-17 dollars)
Equity Indicator 3c	Unmet financial need of dependent full-time undergraduates by family income quartile: 1990 to 2012

Equity Indicator 4 — How Do Students in the United States Pay for College?

Data/Charts	Title
Equity Indicator 4a	Percentage distribution of higher education funding responsibilities: 1952 to 2015
Equity Indicator 4b(i)	Average net price of attendance for dependent full-time undergraduate students by family income quartile: 1990 to 2012 (constant 2012 dollars)
Equity Indicator 4b(ii)	Average net price of attendance as a percentage of average family income by income quartile for dependent full-time undergraduate students: 1990 to 2012
Equity Indicator 4c(i)	Percentage of undergraduate students, age 18 to 24, in their 4th (senior) year or above, who ever received student loans by institutional control and level: 1990, 2000, and 2012
Equity Indicator 4c(ii)	Percentage of undergraduate students, age 18 to 24, in their 4th (senior) year or above, who ever received student loans by race/ethnicity: 1990, 2000, and 2012
Equity Indicator 4d(i)	Average cumulative loan amounts for undergraduate students, age 18 to 24, in their 4th year or above, who ever received student loans by institution control: 1990, 2000, 2012 (constant 2015-16 dollars)
Equity Indicator 4d(ii)	Average cumulative loan amounts for undergraduate students, age 18 to 24, in their 4th year or above, who ever received student loans by race/ethnicity: 1990, 2000, 2012 (constant 2015-16 dollars)
Equity Indicator 4e(i)	Percentage of bachelor’s degree recipients with debt by state: 2016
Equity Indicator 4e(ii)	Average amount of debt among bachelor’s degree recipients who borrowed by state: 2016

Equity Indicator 5 — How Do Educational Attainment Rates and Early Income Outcomes Vary by Family Characteristics?

Data/Charts	Title
Equity Indicator 5a	Estimated bachelor’s degree attainment rate by age 24 for dependent family members by family income quartile: 1970 to 2016
Equity Indicator 5b	Percentage of youth attaining a bachelor’s degree or higher within 8 or 10 years of expected high school graduation by parents’ socioeconomic status (SES) quartile: 10th grade cohort from HS&B 1980; 8th grade cohort from NELS 1988; 10th grade cohort from ELS 2002
Equity Indicator 5c(i)	Percentage of dependent first-time students who obtained a bachelor’s degree or higher within 5 or 6 years of first enrolling in a 4-year or 2-year-or-less postsecondary education institution by parents’ family income quartile: BPS:1989-90 (1994 follow-up), BPS:1995-96 (2001 follow-up), and BPS:2003-04 (2009 follow-up)
Equity Indicator 5c(ii)	Percentage of dependent first-year students who first enrolled in a postsecondary education institution in academic years 2003-04 who completed a bachelor’s degree or higher within 6 years, by low-income and first-generation status and by institutional level of initial enrollment
Equity Indicator 5d(i)	Percentage distributions of bachelor’s and associate’s degrees conferred to U.S. citizens and the population by race/ethnicity: 1980 and 2016
Equity Indicator 5d(ii)	Percentage distributions of doctoral and master’s degrees conferred to U.S. citizens and the population by race/ethnicity: 1980 and 2016
Equity Indicator 5e(i)	Percentage of dependent students who received bachelor’s degrees in 2008 who had enrolled in graduate school or other further schooling programs by parents’ family income quartile: 2012 (4-year follow-up)
Equity Indicator 5e(ii)	Average annualized income for dependent students who received bachelor’s degrees in 2008 who were not enrolled in education and who were employed at the 4-year follow-up in 2012 by parents’ income quartile
Equity Indicator 5e(iii)	Percentage of dependent students who received bachelor’s degrees in 2008 who were “unemployed” (not enrolled in further schooling, not employed, and in the labor force) at the time of the 4-year follow-up in 2012
Equity Indicator 5f(i)	Scatter plots of the percent of the population 25 years of age and older who has attained a high school diploma or equivalent credential and who has attained a bachelor’s degree or higher by state: 1940-2015
Equity Indicator 5f(ii)	Percent of the population 25 years of age and older that had attained a high school diploma or equivalent credential by state: 1940 and 2015
Equity Indicator 5f(iii)	Percent of the population 25 years of age and older that had attained a bachelor’s degree or higher by state: 1940 and 2015
Equity Indicator 5f(iv)	Percentage of first-time full-time bachelor’s degree-seeking students earning any formal award (certificate, associate’s degree, or bachelor’s degree) within six years by state of institution: 2000 and 2015
Equity Indicator 5f(v)	Percentage of population age 25 to 34 that had attained a bachelor’s degree by state: 2005 and 2015

Equity Indicator 6 — How Does Educational Attainment in the U.S. Compare with Other Countries?

Data/Charts	Title
Equity Indicator 6a	Percentage of 25- to 34-year-olds with a type A (bachelor’s equivalent or above) tertiary degree: 2000 and 2016
Equity Indicator 6b	Percentage of 25- to 34-year-olds with a type A (bachelor’s or above) or type B (short-cycle or associate’s) tertiary degree: 2000 and 2016

Appendix A

Data/Charts	Title
Appendix Figure A-1	Median family income with householder 25 years old and over in constant 2016 dollars: 1956 to 2016
Appendix Figure A-2	Upper limits for the first (lowest), second, and third family income quartiles for dependent 18- to 24-year-olds in constant 2016 dollars: 1987 to 2016
Appendix Figure A-3	Intentionally omitted due to content
Appendix Figure A-4	Intentionally omitted due to content
Appendix Figure A-5	High school graduation rates by family income quartile for dependent 18- to 24-year-olds: 1970 to 2016
Appendix Figure A-6	Estimates of bachelor’s degree attainment by age 24 for dependent family members who entered college by family income quartile: 1970 to 2016
Appendix Figure A-7	Percentage of the population 25 years of age and older who has attained a high school diploma or equivalent by race/ethnicity: selected years 1940-2016
Appendix Figure A-8	Percentage of the population 25 years of age and older who has attained a bachelor’s degree or higher by race/ethnicity: selected years 1940-2016